M. Muse Jean Mermoz. [14] It owes its name to the Senegal River, which borders it to the east and north. Made from dried flowers of the Hibiscus plant, this red-colored drink is brewed like tea and is consumed frequently. [119], In July 2021, Senegal experienced a significant increase in cases of coronavirus disease. The largest export markets as of 2020 are Mali (20.4%), Switzerland (12.2%), and India (8.3%). Depending on the match, hitting is allowed, and the match is called when one of the competitors lands on their back or head. Sabar drumming is especially popular. Elevations of more than about 330 feet (100 metres) are found only on the Cape Verde Peninsula and in the southeast of the country. Head to one of the many beaches in Dakar, and there are often more runners, as well as football games played in the sand, and even beachside gyms. Senegal, and Dakar in particular, is well-known for its religious tolerance, with the majority Muslim and minority Catholic populations living in perfect harmony. Music of Senegal - Wikipedia Interior temperatures are higher than along the coast (for example, average daily temperatures in Kaolack and Tambacounda for May are 30C (86.0F) and 32.7C (90.9F) respectively, compared to Dakar's 23.2C (73.8F) ),[68] and rainfall increases substantially farther south, exceeding 1,500mm (59.1in) annually in some areas. Yet, Africa is a massive continent with diversity and nuance between each country and region. It was completed in 1864 and has been operating ever since, guiding ships around the westernmost point of the continent. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Military noninterference in political affairs has contributed to Senegal's stability since independence. However, feminists have been critical of the government's lack of action in enforcing the protocols, conventions and other texts that have been signed as a means of protecting women's rights. The griot profession is passed down generation to generation and requires years of training and apprenticeship in genealogy, history and music. [82], Senegal has a 12-nautical-mile (22km; 14mi) exclusive fishing zone that has been regularly breached in recent years (as of 2014[update]). Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ad9cea1caec3845f49c63ab4be419acd" );document.getElementById("j157254df4").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Updates? The city has a well-renowned nightlife scene, with concert venues, restaurants with live music, and clubs that stay open until dawn. V. Village des Arts. The restaurant highlights West African and Senegalese food in particular, and has broadened the exposure of Senegalese cuisine in the United States. [122] The Ministry of Labor has indicated that the public school system is unable to cope with the number of children that must enroll each year. The Wolof are the largest ethnic group in Senegal at 36%; the Fula[h] and Toucouleur (also known as Halpulaar'en, literally "Pulaar-speakers") (30%) are the second biggest group, followed by the Serer (14.7%),[87] then others such as Jola (4%), Mandinka (3%), Maures or (Naarkajors), Soninke, Bassari and many smaller communities (9%). In the absence of written sources and monumental ruins in this region, the history of the early centuries of the modern era must be based primarily on archaeological excavations, the writing of early geographers and travelers, written in Arabic and data derived from oral tradition. Because of its high salt content, visitors may also see locals standing in the shallow lake harvesting salt. Bissap tastes floral and fresh, and can be infused with many types of flavors. It is a democratic country, with strong institutions, making the Republic of Senegal one of the most stable countries on the continent. Several youth opposition movements, including M23 and Y'en a Marre, emerged in June 2011. Bruno Morandi/Photographer's Choice/Getty Images Bustling, colorful Senegal is one of West Africa 's most popular destinations, and also one of the region's safest. 1. 20 Things Senegal Is Known And Famous For - Nomads Unveiled The capital is Dakar. [112] In 1975 the Bah' community elected the first National Spiritual Assembly of Senegal. In what is probably one of the world's most original recycling projects, the seafood-loving Senegalese have made an island out of millions of mollusk . It is a fertile, lush land, and includes some of Senegals most pristine beaches on the coast. Through events such as the World Festival of Negro Arts, first held in Senegal in 1966, and institutions such as the Fundamental Institute of Black Africa (Institut Fondamental dAfrique Noire; IFAN) and the Gore Island World Heritage site, Senegal honours Senghors dictum "We must learn to absorb and influence others more than they absorb or influence us.". In response, Senegal petitioned the United Nations Security Council in 1963, 1965, 1969 (in response to shelling by Portuguese artillery), 1971 and finally in 1972. The Economist, The African Century, March 28th 2020. In January 2014, a Russian trawler, Oleg Naydenov, was seized by Senegalese authorities close to the maritime border with Guinea-Bissau. Senegal's economic and political capital is Dakar. Senegal has become famous for its art and museums. Two of them are natural, including Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary and Niokolo-Koba National Park. Density in these areas varies from about 77 inhabitants per square kilometre (200/sqmi) in the west-central region to 2 per square kilometre (5.2/sqmi) in the arid eastern section. The name comes from the Wolof ethnic group, which is the largest in Senegal. [79], Senegal achieved full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a mini-boom in information technology-based services. Author of. Senegal is also a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa. Senegal is located in West Africa and is known for its diverse culture, blending African, French, and Islamic influences. Senegal has more than 80 political parties. Despite a relatively wide variety of agricultural production, the majority of farmers produce for subsistence needs. Tukulor founded it in the middle of a Senegal River valley. For the competitive athletes that compete in Laamb, it has become a way to sustain a living due to its popularity and prize money. Portuguese was introduced in Senegal's secondary education in 1961 in Dakar by the country's first president, Lopold Sdar Senghor. The competitors used off-road vehicles to cross the difficult geography. Add to list Wrestling and football are the most popular sports in the country. Hospitality, in theory, is given such importance in Senegalese culture that it is widely considered to be part of the national identity. It was also an early point of European contact and was contested by England, France, Portugal, and the Netherlands before ultimately coming under French control in the late 19th century. The country is home to the African Renaissance Monument, which is the tallest statue in Africa and the second tallest in the world. Senegal - Wikipedia [101] The second most populous city is Touba, a de jure communaute rurale (rural community), with over half a million people. Homosexuality is illegal in Senegal. 3 What should I wear in Dakar? Coastal cities such as Popenguine, Cap Skirring, and Saly are also beach destinations that have become popular with locals and European tourists coming south during the winter months. A group named toile de Dakar gained popularity as the genre emerged, and the group included a future star named Youssou NDour, who has become forever associated with bringing Mbalax as a genre to fame. 'Russia says factory ship was seized on Greenpeace's orders; Trawler held by Senegal over alleged illegal fishing' by John Vidal The Guardian (UK newspaper) 10 January 2014 page 23, Diouf, Niokhobaye, Chronique du royaume du Sine, suivie de Notes sur les traditions orales et les sources crites concernant le, Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance, Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa, United States Agency for International Development, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, are all borrowed words from the Serer religion, "African Studies Center| African Languages at Penn", "Senegal's Constitution of 2001 with Amendments through 2016", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022", United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100", "Senegal, a Muslim Country that Can't Get Enough Christmas", "Why Senegal, a small country, is good at providing international organisations with leaders", "The best destinations for family holidays", "Senegal proud of peaceful election after Macky Sall win", "Senegal election: President Macky Sall wins second term", "Senegal - Country report - Freedom in the World - 2014", "The Ibrahim Index Mo Ibrahim Foundation", "Senegal severs ties with Iran: Senegal's foreign ministry accuses Tehran of supplying weapons to separatist rebels in its southern Casamance region", "Macky Sall Senegal election win 'example for Africa' | Africa", "Senegal Votes to do Away With Senate to Save Money", "Senegal ruling party wins large parliamentary majority", "Senegal's President Macky Sall easily wins re-election, opposition will not contest vote", "Mauritanian refugees refuse to leave Senegal", "Senegal to send 2,100 troops to join Saudi-led alliance", "In Senegal many gay people live in fear, forced to leave home", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Dakar, Senegal Climate Information ClimateTemp.info, Making Sense of Average Monthly Weather & Temperature Data with Detailed Climate Graphs That Portray Average Rainfall & Sunshine Hours", "Larger Future Intensification of Rainfall in the West African Sahel in a Convection-Permitting Model", "Dry soils can intensify mesoscale convective systems", "In Senegal, Climate Change Is Robbing Thousands of Their Homes", "Senegal | UNDP Climate Change Adaptation", "OHADA.com: The business law portal in Africa", "Senegal agricultural situation country report", "Senegal factsheet: Climate information and agricultural planning", "Power Africa in Senegal | Power Africa | U.S. Agency for International Development", Lebanese Immigrants Boost West African Commerce, "Vietnamese Continue Traditions in Senegal", "A troubled frontier: Chinese migrants in Senegal", "Boost for the reintegration of Mauritanian returnees", "Portail de l'Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)", "The Status of English and Other Languages in Senegal", "Le Sngal est-il encore un pays francophone? [84], As of April2020[update], the energy sector in Senegal has an installed capacity of 1431megawatts (MW). He has also written numerous cookbooks, and has been nominated for the prestigious James Beard Award. [42], Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal Senegambia Confederation on 1 February 1982. Les Mamelles lighthouse stands on a high outpost overlooking the Atlantic ocean. In the event of a language barrier, locals often work to meet tourists in the middle, whether that be in French, Wolof, or English. The spread of formal Quranic school (called daara in Wolof) during the colonial period increased largely through the effort of the Tidjniyya. In 2006 gum arabic exports soared to $280 million, making it by far the leading agricultural export. Throughout the country, on street corners, in markets, and in cafes, caf touba is everywhere. Senegal country profile - BBC News Life expectancy at birth was estimated to be 66.8 years in 2016 (64.7 years male, 68.7 years female). Refugees live in N'dioum, Dodel, and small settlements along the Senegal River valley.[95]. They became one of only five African teams to ever reach the quarter-finals of the FIFA World Cup, after Cameroon in 1990 and before Ghana in 2010, defeating holders France in their first game in 2002. In order to withstand the grit of the salt, workers will often rub shea butter on their bodies throughout the day. [34][35], European missionaries introduced Christianity to Senegal and the Casamance in the 19th century. The variety of these sites speaks to the diversity that lies within the relatively small country. [132] It traditionally serves many young men to escape poverty and it is the only sport recognized as developed independently of Western culture. The most recent estimate, by the Association of Religion Data Archives in a 2005 report details the population of Senegalese Bah's at 22,000.[113]. [69] Projections of rainfall indicate an overall decrease in rainfall and an increase in intense mega-storm events over the Sahel. Although Senegal traditionally has been dependent on peanuts (groundnuts), the government has had some success with efforts to diversify the countrys economy. [58], Senegal is a secular state, as defined in its Constitution.[59]. Senegal - Coastal Plains, Sahel, Savanna | Britannica Most local grocery stores and markets will carry bags of hibiscus leaves. What Is Senegal Known For? - Tourismguide.info English is taught as a foreign language in secondary schools and many graduate school programs, and it is the only subject matter that has a special office in the Ministry of Education. 26 April Long considered one of Africa's model democracies, the west African nation of Senegal has a tradition of stable governments and civilian rule. The salinity attracts a bacteria called Dunaliella, which changes to a pink/red color in the sunlight. [78], As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal is known for its delicious cuisine The country gleans its culinary inspiration from far and wide, combining French and North African influences with ancient local traditions. Senghor's party, the Senegalese Progressive Union (now the Socialist Party of Senegal), was the only legally permitted party from 1965 until 1975. Former prime minister Mamadou Dia, who was Senghor's rival, ran for election in 1983 against Diouf, but lost. Most of the population is on the coast and works in agriculture or other food industries; other major industries include mining, tourism, and services. The colors, the smells (both good and bad), and the sounds open up the senses. Senghor moved to France, where he died at the age of 95. The Boukout is one of the Jola's religious ceremonies. OFNAC is composed of twelve members appointed by decree. [52], In August 2017, the ruling party won a landslide victory in the parliamentary election. [106] Islamic communities in Senegal are generally organized around one of several Islamic Sufi orders called tariqas, headed by a khalif (xaliifa in Wolof, from Arabic khalfa), who is usually a direct descendant of the group's founder; the study found that 92% of Senegalese Muslims belonged to a Sufi order. Must-see attractions Senegal, West Africa - Lonely Planet It is also possible that it derives from the Wolof phrase "Sunuu Gaal," which means "our canoe".[25]. In the latter year, Senghor allowed the formation of two opposition parties that began operation in 1976a Marxist party (the African Independence Party) and a liberal party (the Senegalese Democratic Party). In Dakar Catholic and Protestant rites are practiced by the Lebanese, Cape Verdean, European, and American immigrant populations, and among certain Africans of other countries as well as by the Senegalese themselves. In the early 21st century, violence has subsided and President Macky Sall held talks with rebels in Rome in December 2012.[43]. Senegal is famous for its colorful marketplaces and diverse musical heritage. Dakar, the former capital of French West Africa, is also home to banks and other institutions which serve all of Francophone West Africa, and is a hub for shipping and transport in the region. Le Lac Rose is barely separated by a series of sand dunes from the Atlantic Ocean, which gives the lake its high salt content. Popular fresh juices are made from bissap, ginger, buoy (pronounced 'buoy', which is the fruit of the baobab tree, also known as "monkey bread fruit"), mango, or other fruit or wild trees (most famously soursop, which is called corossol in French). The next year, he transferred power in 1981 to his hand-picked successor, Abdou Diouf. It is commonly served with most meals, and if a tourist is lucky enough to get an invite to a locals home for a meal, it will likely be on the menu. Information from the University of Pennsylvania's Center for African Studies estimates that about 90% of the Senegalese population understands or speaks Wolof as a first or second language. The Senegalese military receives most of its training, equipment, and support from France and the United States, and to a lesser extent Germany. Tourists should be aware that the lake is not always pink. 7 What to see in Senegal? western Africa, region of the western African continent comprising the countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Chad, Cte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo. Its made from a blend of ground coffee, boiling water, and ground selim pepper. Its my favorite Senegalese drink! [22] Senegal is a member state of the African Union, the United Nations, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and the Community of Sahel-Saharan States. Senegal's government says eight people were found dead after a boat capsized off the coast of northern Senegal as it tried to reach Europe, Senegalese President Macky Sall says he will not seek a third term in the presidential elections set for February, Fashion designers from several parts of Africa have come together for a show in eastern Congo, hoping to inspire peace and creativity in a region long affected by conflict, A lawyer for Senegal's embattled opposition leader Ousmane Sonko has filed a lawsuit in a French court, Demonstrators and civil rights groups in Senegal are accusing the country's security forces of working with armed civilians who shot and killed several people who participated in recent anti-government protests. Climate change will cause an increase in average temperatures over west Africa by between 1.5 and 4 C (3 F and 7 F) by mid-century, relative to 19862005. With this private sector-based investment plan, Senegal hopes to structurally transform its economy, improve Senegal's . Travel guides often define this Wolof word (also written as "teranga") as meaning hospitality, but that's "a loose way of translating it," said. [86] Current government strategies for electrification include investments in off-grid solar and connection to the grid.[85][86]. The coup was put down without bloodshed and Dia was arrested and imprisoned. It is a member of the World Trade Organization. Also known as thieb, the dish is made from a base of jollof rice, marinated fish, and plenty of vegetables, often including carrots, cabbage, and cassava. In 2008, Senegal finished in 12th position on the Ibrahim Index of African Governance. It is said that the OFNAC represents a more effective tool for fighting corruption than the CNLCC established under former President Wade. Both played a style that was heavily influenced by Cuban music . The capital, Dakar, is a vibrant city famous for its lively markets and rich musical culture. Abdou Diouf was president between 1981 and 2000. [6] Historically, they were the first to become Muslim. Reasons to visit Senegal at least once in your lifetime History of Senegal - Wikipedia Home to seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites and six national parks, Senegal is a country full of one-of-a-kind experiences. In Wolof, the name is Laamb, and its popularity in some areas of the country actually exceeds that of football. Watch on Why is Dakar important to Senegal? Senegal is famous for having a resounding seven UNESCO World Heritage sites. You can also find plenty of fresh seafood at the beachside shops and grills. It is a country rich in art and culture but also, and above all, in a vast and diverse gastronomy. Dakar was the political center of French West Africa and is the capital of modern Senegal. OFNAC has the power of self-referral (own initiative investigation). The economy of Senegal is driven by mining, construction, tourism, fishing and agriculture, which are the main sources of employment in rural areas, despite abundant natural resources in iron, zircon, gas, gold, phosphates, and numerous oil discoveries recently. The Halpulaar (Pulaar-speakers), composed of Fula people, a widespread group found along the Sahel from Chad to Senegal, and Toucouleurs, represent 23.8 percent of the population. Senegal is bordered by Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, Guinea to the southeast and Guinea-Bissau to the southwest. Millet, rice, corn, and sorghum are the primary food crops grown in Senegal. ", "Situation conomique et sociale du Sngal", "In Senegalese bush, Bani Israel tribe claims Jewish heritage", "National communities celebrate together", "Human Development Report 2009 Senegal", "Enqute Dmographique et de Sant Continue (EDS-Continue) 20122013", "Africa: SA in lockdown, curfews in the west as continent braces for Covid-19 wave", "Senegal seeing significant rise in Delta variant cases", "A New Platform to Improve Health Care in Senegal", "Aprs dix annes d'interruption: Les RECIDAK nouvelles arrivent en 2014", "Senegal to be 1st African Olympic host at 2022 Youth Games", "Senegal first African nation to host an Olympic event", "Sports in Africa: Communication and Media", "Wrestling As a Solution to Poverty in Senegal", "Getting to know Africa's flashy basketball arenas", "NBA to open academy in Africa in 2017 - NBA.com", "Dakar rally cancelled at last minute over terrorist threat", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Senegal&oldid=1164623124, This page was last edited on 10 July 2023, at 04:23. Senegal - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia He aims to make Senegal's health care system effective and sustainable. [123][124][125][126], Senegal is well known for the West African tradition of storytelling, which is done by griots, who have kept West African history alive for thousands of years through words and music. Dakars most popular beaches are Yoff, Plage des Mamelles, and Plage de Ngor. The movement has been primarily associated with the Diola ethnic group feeling marginalized by the primarily-Wolof government. Senegal will be the first African country to host the Olympics In 2022, athletes from around the world will head to Senegal to compete in the Youth Olympic Games. [111] The first Bah' Local Spiritual Assembly of Senegal was elected in 1966 in Dakar. The Top 10 Things To Do in Dakar - Culture Trip There are a number of pink-colored lakes throughout the world, but Senegals famous Le Lac Rose stands among the most beautiful. There is a ferry that runs quite frequently from the Southern tip of Dakar to the island. Senegalese Music: The Women And Men Dominating The Scene Wolof predominate in matters of state and commerce as well, and this dominance has fueled ethnic tension over time as less-powerful groups vie for parity with the Wolof majority.
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