The survey notes that although car bombs received more significant press internationally, gunshot wounds were responsible for the majority (63%) of violent deaths. But neither could remember the number clearly, nor whether it was just for deaths, or both deaths and wounded. He said 55 percent of those killed were women, and children aged 12 and under. In March 2003, U.S. military personnel were, "More than one in four U.S. troops have come home from the Iraq war with health problems that require medical or mental health treatment, according to, 2011 451 (not including February & August), 2007 6,747 (U.S. military), 4,544 (Iraqi Defence Ministry), 2005 3,247 (U.S. military), 1,734 (Iraqi Defence Ministry), This page was last edited on 12 June 2023, at 15:22. This one metric, then--numbers of war widows, estimated to be 2 million for all wars--indicates a minimum of 250,000 deaths due to the war, not 100,000. Read her interview. Soldiers? LONDON (Reuters) - More than one million Iraqis have died as a result of the conflict in their country since the U.S.-led invasion in 2003, according to research conducted by one of Britain's. An October 19, 2006, The Washington Post article[179] reports: The deaths reported by officials and published in the news media represent only a fraction of the thousands of mutilated bodies winding up in Baghdad's overcrowded morgue each month. "[8], The Iraqi political party People's Kifah, or Struggle Against Hegemony (PK) said that its survey conducted between March and June 2003 throughout the non-Kurdish areas of Iraq tallied 36,533 civilians killed in those areas by June 2003. That ranges from three in 10 in the Kurdish provinces to, in Baghdad, nearly eight in 10. iCasualties.org (was lunaville.org). The State Department's human rights report on Iraq has charged the Interior Ministry, the overseer of the detention centers, with mutliple violations of human rights in those facilities. UNHCR web site Given that we do not know how many women will claim benefits, the actual figure is likely two to three times that. An analysis. [227], A 2017 study by Spagat and Van Weezel replicated the 2013 study by Hagopian et al. [128] In 2010, another 676 insurgents were killed. "[84][85], The Iraq Body Count project (IBC) documented a higher number of civilian deaths up to the end of the major combat phase (May 1, 2003). Estimates of casualties below include both the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the following Post-invasion Iraq, 2003present. Nor do they include many people kidnapped whose fate remains unknown. [72], The United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) reported that there were 36,685 Iraqi injuries during the year 2006. A roadside bomb or a rocket or mortar attack that doesn't hurt U.S. personnel doesn't count.[238]. He said between 100,000150,000 people were killed in three-and-a-half years", the official said. A September 14, 2007, estimate by Opinion Research Business (ORB), an independent British polling agency, suggested that the total Iraqi violent death toll due to the Iraq War since the U.S.-led invasion was in excess of 1.2million (1,220,580). This number is per the Health Ministry tally of 87,215 covering January 1, 2005, to February 28, 2009 combined with counts of casualties for 20032004, and after February 29, 2009, from hospital sources and media reports. "[218], The methodology was described thus: "This poll was conducted February 25 March 5, 2007, through in-person interviews with a random national sample of 2,212 Iraqi adults, including oversamples in Anbar province, Basra city, Kirkuk and the Sadr City section of Baghdad. ) Even the oft-cited tally of Iraq Body Count, a U.K.-based NGO, holds that more than 100,000 civilians have died as a result of violence. From March 1, 2003, to June 30, 2011, the crude death rate in Iraq was 4.55 per 1,000 person-years (95% uncertainty interval 3.74-5.27), more than 0.5 times higher than the death rate during the 26-mo period preceding the war, resulting in approximately 405,000 (95% uncertainty interval 48,000-751,000) excess deaths attributable to the conflict. When the number of troops in Iraq surged by 30,000 last year, the number of Army mental-health workers remained the same about 200 making counseling and care even tougher to get.[116]. The death toll, standing at an estimated 897,000 to 929,000, includes U.S. military members, allied fighters, opposition fighters, civilians, journalists and humanitarian aid workers who were killed as a direct result of war, whether by bombs, bullets or fire. These accounts go well beyond conventional news sources, which have been downplaying news from Iraq and never covered the human cost adequately. Iraq conflict has killed a million Iraqis: survey | Reuters [207], Michael Spagat criticized the 2006 Lancet study in a 2010 article for the journal Defence and Peace Economics. [113], In February 2007, one expert from the VA estimated that the number of undiagnosed TBIs were higher than 7,500. 19 years ago today the US bombed Bagdad. Read. More households were surveyed than during the 2004 study, allowing for a 95% confidence interval of 392,979 to 942,636 excess Iraqi deaths. Civilian deaths in Iraq war 2003-2023 | Statista [180][181][182] John Tirman, who commissioned and directed the funding for the study defended the study. [4] The study used a similar methodology as the 2006 Lancet study and had the lead author of the 2006 study as one of the 12 authors. Nearly 50,000 Russian soldiers have died in the war in Ukraine, according to a new statistical analysis. Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. Active surveillance using randomized household surveys is a superior method, and in the two most recent, credible surveys, between 400,000 and 650,000 Iraqi deaths were estimated, including all Iraqis and all causes. [196] In a letter to the journal Science, Spagat said that the Lancet study had failed replication in a study by the WHO (the Iraq Family Health Survey). The Human Cost of the War in Iraq - MIT Reporting by Luke Baker; editing by Andrew Roche. [152], By November 2006, there were reports of a significant deterioration of the Iraq health care system as a result of the war. That figure would not include the number of women and children who have died as a result of the war's privations or from direct violence. [116], Concern has been expressed by mental health professionals about the effects on the emotional health and development of returning veterans' infants and children, due to the increased rates of interpersonal violence, posttraumatic stress, depression, and substance abuse that have been reported among these veterans. Of those killed, 387,000 are categorized as civilians, 207,000 as members of. Here Is the Statistical Breakdown and Data for You To Download", "WikiLeaks Releases Secret Iraq File Al Jazeera Accesses 400,000 Secret US Military Documents, Which Reveal the Inside Story of the Iraq War", "The WikiLeaks Iraq War Logs: Greatest Data Leak in US Military History", "Iraq War Logs Reveal 15,000 Previously Unlisted Civilian Deaths Leaked Pentagon Files Contain Records of More than 100,000 Fatalities Including 66,000 Civilians", "The Toll of War U.S. Troop Fatalities in Iraq since March 2003 A Month-by-Month Count of U.S. A REGION INFLAMED: MEDICINE; Hundreds of U.S. Areas of insurgent control, which are likely to be subject to US and Iraqi government attack, for example most of Anbar province, are simply off-limits to these reporters. Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster There is crime, revenge killings, so much violence." Nor Iraq Regime Keeps Count", "19,000 Insurgents Killed in Iraq Since '03", "Iraq war logs reveal 15,000 previously unlisted civilian deaths", "March violence claims 252 Iraqi lives | ReliefWeb", "Iraq Civilian Deaths Drop for Third Year as Toll Eases After U.S. Drawdown", "Jan Iraq death toll highest in four months", "Iraq death toll for July second highest in 2011", 239 people killed in Iraq in August and killed by the U.S. military, "Nearly 6,000 Killed in Iraq Violence in 2005", "Civilian casualties drop dramatically in Iraq", "Iraq Hails Lowest Monthly Death Toll in Nearly Three Years Government Figures Reveal 6,226 Iraqis Killed in Iraq in 2008, Down from 6,772 in 2007", "Car Bombings Down in Iraq, Military Says", "Al Qaeda Leader: Over 4,000 Foreign Insurgents Killed in Iraq", "Six Thousand Al Qaida Fighters Killed in Iraq Says Top Official", "Insurgent body count records released. Estimates of the death toll range from about 174,000 (Iraq Body Count, 3/19/13) to over a million (Opinion Business Research, cited in Congressional Research Service, 10/7/10 ). Filmmakers are increasingly posting new videos of the plight of Iraqis and the conduct and consequences of the U.S. war. Mourners carry a flag-draped coffin of a shooting victim during a funeral in Amil district in Baghdad January 21, 2008. Iraqi security forces often refuse to go to the dumping grounds, leaving the precise number of bodies in those sites unknown. Claiming that the broadcast was motivated by a political agenda designed to undermine the efforts of the United States in Iraq", the Sinclair Broadcast Group took the action of barring the seven ABC network-affiliated stations it controls from airing the show. The 2006 study was based on surveys conducted between May 20 and July 10, 2006. The analysis appears in The Nation (Feb. 16, 2009) and can also be read here. 1 million Iraqis dead. No war crimes tribunal. If this typical ratio holds for the Iraq War, that indicates mortality of about one million Iraqis. [45][46][47] (See Category:Journalists killed while covering the Iraq War.) "[167][168], The October 2006 Lancet study by Gilbert Burnham (of Johns Hopkins University) and co-authors[32][33] estimated total excess deaths (civilian and non-civilian) related to the war of 654,965 excess deaths up to July 2006. [206] Conflict scholars Nils Petter Gleditsch, Erik Melander and Henrik Urdal said there were "major biases" in the study, leading to oversampling of households affected by violence. (Nowadays some domestic issues are regarded in the same light, with one result being the enormous homeland security apparatus.) Others in the Muslim world particularly notice this callousness. Troops Infected by Parasite Borne by Sand Flies, Army Says Broder, John M.; Risen, James (May 19, 2007). Understanding the scale, the sources of violence, the demographical profiles of the victims, and the geographic dispersion of killingall recorded in the household survey of the Iraq mortality studyprovides an indispensable tool in coming to terms with the violence in Iraq. Reports range from specific, incident based accounts to figures from hospitals, morgues, and other documentary data-gathering agencies." [43], From June 2003, through September 30, 2011, there have been 26,320-27,000+ Iraqi insurgents killed based on several estimates. The range given was 946,000 to 1,120,000 deaths. [148], On June 6, 2008, an Iraqi Army official revealed that about 6,000 Al Qaeda fighters were among the insurgents killed since the start of the war up until April 2008. Two weeks later the Times reported on mental health studies done in Iraq among women, finding that 17 percent of those surveyed are suffering from serious, war-related mental illness. The war is often said to have caused half a million or more deaths. As a result, no one knows how many Iraqis have been killed in the five. How Many People Have Been Killed in Iraq and Afghanistan - Insider "[37][38][39][40], Iraqi Security Forces (aligned with Coalition), From June 2003, through December 31, 2010, there have been 16,623 Iraqi military and police killed based on several estimates. [171][172][173][174][175][176][177][178] Shortly after publication, the study's estimate and methodology came under criticism from a number of sources, including the United States government, academics, and the Iraq Body Count. Employees of the Iraqi Health Ministry carried out the survey. [209] In a similar vein, Tirman observed that the Iraqi Health Ministry was affiliated with Shi'ite sectarians at the time, remarking that there was evidence that many violent deaths may have been recategorized as "non-violent" to avoid government retribution: "For example, the number of deaths by auto accidents rose by four times the pre-invasion rate; had this single figure been included in the violent deaths category, the overall estimate would have risen to 196,000. One symptom of this indifference is the absence of an adequate accounting of the wars destruction, particularly of war mortality. The withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq has spurred little new information on the scale of destruction in the 8 year, 8 month war. The report says the U.S. and its allies were responsible for the largest share (37%) with 9,270 deaths. That page also says: "Gaps in recording and reporting suggest that even our highest totals to date may be missing many civilian deaths from violence. How Many Iraqis Died in the Iraq War? - FAIR "Before the war, there was a strong government, strong security. My so pro-human death liberal, or WEF shill. The excess deaths reported by Burnham et al. Highlighted in Michael Massing's articles (see Further Discussion). "[157], In December 2005 President Bush said there were 30,000 Iraqi dead. Asecond report, by Oxfam, notes that 75% of widows are not getting pensions owed to them. If you write a 4,500-word article about a 20-year war, you might . Those estimates were far higher than other available tallies at the time. Several other attempts have been made to estimate the war dead, and particularly civilians killed by violence. Other survey-based studies covering different time-spans find 461,000 total deaths (over 60% of them violent) as of June 2011 (per PLOS Medicine 2013), and 655,000 total deaths (over 90% of them violent) as of June 2006 (per the 2006 Lancet study). One divorcee said she spent almost a year registering and when she was about to finish the process the pension office told her that her file had been lost. More than half believe the 2003 U.S. invasion was wrong, 70% believe the U.S. has "carried out responsibilities" badly during the war; and only 18 percent believe the U.S. is now playing a positive role in Iraq. See here for a complete list of exchanges and delays. 336 BC-323 BC. The survey did not ask whether multiple household members had been harmed. A coalition-led occupation of Iraq lasted until 2011, marked by repeated bombings, an al Qaeda-linked insurgency, militia warfare, and other bloodshed in the nation of 32.6 million people. Iraqi Civilians | Costs of War [176], A 2008 study in the Journal of Peace Research found that the 2006 Lancet study may have considerably overestimated Iraq War casualties, that the study made "unusual" methodological choices, and called on the 2006 Lancet study authors to make all of their data available. Read the article, and this report from the science journal Nature. 33,500+. [213][214], In early November 2006 Iraq's Health Minister Ali al-Shemari said that he estimated between 100,000 and 150,000 people had been killed since the March 2003 U.S.-led invasion. Half of the men in Iraq are not married. ORB reported that "48% died from a gunshot wound, 20% from the impact of a car bomb, 9% from aerial bombardment, 6% as a result of an accident and 6% from another blast/ordnance. To arrive at these excess death figures, a survey was taken from 988 Iraqi households in 33 clusters throughout Iraq, in which the residents were asked how many people lived there and how many births and deaths there had been since the war began. Nearly 23 million Afghans, including 1 million children, are facing hunger and starvation brought on by U.S. sanctions. The Iraq Death Toll 15 Years After the US Invasion : r/antiwar [233], A July 28, 2004, opinion piece by Robert Fisk published by The Independent reports that "some families bury their dead without notifying the authorities. As if to verify the findings of the article in Conflict and Health, the BBC correspondent in Baghdad has a valuable contribution that explains how and why the Iraqi government downplays violence and casualties (Dec. 11). National Public Radio, iCasualties.org, and GlobalSecurity.org have month-by-month charts of American troop deaths in the Iraq War.[15][99][100]. A U.S. general says 12,000 of the 17,000 are essentially harmless and should be released. Fallujah, the largest city in Anbar province, was the scene of two enormous battles between US forces and "insurgents.". (AP Photo/Andrii Marienko, File) FILE - People attend a mourning ceremony for Alexei Nogin . The Iran-Iraq War of 1980-1988 scarred both countries deeply, with horrific fighting at the battlefront and long-range missile attacks on cities. It counted individuals reported in English-language newspapers, mainly, which severely limited its scope. See also the N.Y. Times' Baghdad bureau blogs and videos here. [230] The bodies of some casualties do not end up in morgue and thus may go unrecorded. The data was in the form of a list of yearly totals for death certificates issued for violent deaths by hospitals and morgues. If the clustering of violent deaths wasn't accurately captured, that could also increase uncertainty. 405,000 deaths (range of 48,000 to 751,000 using a 95% confidence interval) were estimated as excess deaths attributable to the conflict. The research covered 15 of Iraqs 18 provinces. The actual number of civilians killed by direct and indirect war violence is unknown but likely much higher. (The show had not been able to confirm the remaining sixteen names.) Grand total 21,22126,405 insurgents dead, On September 28, 2006, an Al Qaeda leader claimed that 4,000 foreign insurgents had been killed in the war. This is not a number that most American politicians want to consider. [199] Columbia University statistician Andrew Gelman said in 2014 that "serious flaws have been demonstrated" in the Lancet study,[203] and in 2015 that his impression was that the Lancet study "had pretty much been discredited". Francisco J. Luquero and Rebecca F. Grais argued that the IFHS's lengthy survey and use of IBC data as a proxy for particularly dangerous areas likely resulted in an underestimate of violent mortality, while Gulden hypothesized that respondents may have been reluctant to report violent deaths to researchers working with the Iraqi government. It was 20 yearts ago, in August 1990, when Saddam Hussein recklessly occupied Kuwait, which drew the U.S. deeply into the region and soon commenced a twenty-year period of war, sanctions, and occupation. The 128,000 figure only includes those whose relatives have been informed of their deaths and does not include those were abducted, assassinated or simply disappeared. And denial of claims can be routine: "Most convoy cases . [41] The Iraq Index of the Brookings Institution keeps a running total of ISF casualties. and found that the 500,000 casualty estimate by Hagopian et al. [152] In January 2017, an estimated 7,761 contractors had been injured in Iraq, but their nationality was not known. [82] That number comes from the transcript of an October 2003 interview of U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld with journalist Bob Woodward. Never mind, thats why. "[83], An October 20, 2003, study by the Project on Defense Alternatives at Commonwealth Institute in Cambridge, Massachusetts, estimated that for March 19, 2003, to April 30, 2003, the "probable death of approximately 11,000 to 15,000 Iraqis, including approximately 3,200 to 4,300 civilian noncombatants. In July 23 testimony before a U.S. House subcommittee, University of Maryland pollster Stephen Kull reviews the surveys done in Iraq that ask Iraqis about the U.S. occupation and potential troop withdrawal. If it included data from Falluja, which showed a higher rate of violent deaths than the other 32 clusters combined, the increased death rate would be raised from 1.5 to 2.5-fold, violent deaths would be 58 times more likely with most of them due to air-strikes by coalition forces, and an additional 200,000 fatalities would be estimated. Even at the times of those U.S. polls, death estimates were far beyond the public's estimates. The Guardian's "Data Blog" also has a map and additional insights. The IBC project has recorded a range of at least 185,194 208,167 total violent civilian deaths through June 2020 in their database. Consider the 86,000 figure supporting the 103-113,000 death toll. Many millions of them are directly affected by the violence, now for more than a decade in Afghanistan in its latest war and for nearly nine years in Iraq in a war that followed 12 years of crippling sanctions and the short but intense Operation Desert Storm., And theres the rub: war devastates these places, but to us they are remote and largely forgettable. Roman Republic vs. Samnites. The latest and perhaps most rigorous survey, released Tuesday, puts the figure at close to 500,000. Iraq war claimed half a million lives, study finds [26][224], Participants of the ORB survey were asked the following question: "How many members of your household, if any, have died as a result of the conflict in Iraq since 2003 (ie as a result of violence rather than a natural death such as old age)? She has worked as a journalist in her native Iraq, and is also now working at a public radio station in Boston. She obtained figures for the number of civilians killed in Baghdad between February 28 and April 5 [2005], and discovered that 29 had been killed in firefights involving US forces and insurgents. 142,000+. (This was also true of the wars in Korea and Indochina, where estimates are largely guesswork. Gulf War Some 600 additional interviews were undertaken and as a result of this the death estimate was revised to 1,033,000 with a given range of 946,000 to 1,120,000. The IBC maintains that the occupying authority has a responsibility to prevent these deaths under international law. In research circles, random cross-sectional cluster sampling survey methods are deemed to be a more rigorous epidemiological method in conflict settings. Arabic BAGHDAD/GENEVA (19 January 2016) - A UN report released today details the severe and extensive impact on civilians of the ongoing conflict in Iraq, with at least 18,802 civilians killed and another 36,245 wounded between 1 January 2014 and 31 October 2015. One reason is that some families that have suffered violent deaths leave the survey area. Iraq Body Count [158][159], The United Nations reported that 34,452 violent civilian deaths occurred in 2006, based on data from morgues, hospitals, and municipal authorities across Iraq. military. While mass graves discovered over time shed more light on deaths in the Iraq War, the AP noted that "how many remain will never be known. By DONALD G. MCNEIL JR.December 6, 2003. Body counts counted at least 110,600 violent deaths as of April 2009 (Associated Press). . (6) Roberta Cohen provides a analytic overview of the displaced persons issue in the American University International Law Review , Autumn 2008. The data they did release and its analysis is here. According to a 2010 assessment by John Sloboda, director of Iraq Body Count, 150,000 people including 122,000 civilians were killed in the Iraq War with U.S. and Coalition forces responsible for at least 22,668 insurgents as well as 13,807 civilians, with the rest of the civilians killed by insurgents, militias, or terrorists. In the same article Time also reported on some of the reasons for the prescription drug use: That imbalance between seeing the price of war up close and yet not feeling able to do much about it, the survey suggests, contributes to feelings of "intense fear, helplessness or horror" that plant the seeds of mental distress. [188] A 2016 study described the Lancet study as seen "widely viewed among peers as the most rigorous investigations of Iraq Warrelated mortality among Iraqi civilians," and argued that part of the criticism "may have been politically motivated. The survey, conducted by Opinion Research Business (ORB) with 2,414 adults in face-to-face interviews, found that 20 percent of people had had at least one death in their household as a result of the conflict, rather than natural causes. In several outbreaks, disease and death recorded by facility-based methods underestimated events by a factor of ten or more when compared with population-based estimates. Classified US military documents released by WikiLeaks in October 2010, record Iraqi and Coalition military deaths between January 2004 and December 2009. Death Tolls of the Iran-Iraq War | Charles Kurzman (2) The reduced violence in Iraq has not resulted in large-scale returns of refugees and internally displaced persons, because Iraqis do not regard their homeland as safe. Afghanistan: 2,401 deaths . Pfc. Environmental Contaminants from War Remnants in Iraq, a well-documented 2011 report that focuses mainly on depleted uranium and its carcinogenic qualities. [199][171] In 2012, Michael Spagat noted that six peer-reviewed studies had identified shortcomings in the Lancet study, and that the Lancet authors had yet to make a substantive response to the critiques. The large estimate has recently been affirmed by one of the longest-serving Iraqi correspondents in the war, Sahar Issa of McClatchy New Service, an award-winning reporter, who described the IBC and Wikileaks-related estimates "laughable." An ABC News survey (March 2009) in Iraq conducted by D3 Systems shows improvement in some categories, such as belief in democracy and overall security, but some surprising levels of discontent and lack of basic human services. A May 28, 2003, Guardian article reported that "Extrapolating from the death-rates of between 3% and 10% found in the units around Baghdad, one reaches a toll of between 13,500 and 45,000 dead among troops and paramilitaries. . ePluribus Media, an independent citizen journalism collective, is tracking and cataloging press-reported possible, probable, or confirmed incidents of post-deployment or combat-zone cases in its PTSD Timeline.
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