On the other hand, the nobility had hardly any scruples to force its colonies to accept change rates, which were only useful for the fisk. [15] Venetian exporters were obligated to import salt into Venice, for which they were paid a subsidy - the ordo salis. Florence was exceptionally wealthy during the Renaissance due to its position as a hub of commerce and finance, controlling much of the trade between Western Europe and Italy. [1] Over time, several settlements developed, on some islands and they merged to become a single city, which came to be known as Venice. The Massacre of the Latins, when Emperor Andronicus incited the populace of Byzantium to kill Italians in the city, embittered relations between the Italian maritime republic and the Greek Orthodox Empire.[4]. Girls learned how to mix up remedies using natural ingredients such as honey and local herbs, for family and friends. This diminished the ability of those outside of the hereditary aristocracy to participate in political decisions and in economic processes such as the colleganza. It was believed that pig urine fought fevers, and the roasted flesh of kittens relieved jaundice. Florence. Several Italian cities formed states independent of the empire and the church. These artisans were in high demand and their work was sought after by wealthy patrons from all over Europe. Compare Italian Renaissance to the Northern Renaissance. There was a definite waste-not, want-not philosophy amongst Renaissance healers who put to good use any available plants, minerals, scraps and waste products from human and animal bodies and even religions in their remedies. The city-state was always somewhat different from the rest of Italy. There also emerged a school of sculpture in the city that interpreted the classical tradition in a poetic and sensitive style. 13, Padua 194243, Roberto Cessi (ed. This allowed healers to prescribe metal-based treatments to target different areas of the body. Venice is popular as the City of Bridges and that what makes Venice famous, and for great reason. The pandemic was well documented by people who lived through it and wrote about it after the event. Venetian Renaissance This allowed Venice to maintain a virtual monopoly on the trade of certain goods and it helped to maintain the citys wealth. Much of this wealth came from trading with the Muslims of the Ottoman Empire , so there was an indirect role of Muslims in the support of the Renaissance. Venetians were always on the defensive after 1453, and they became embroiled in many brutal wars with the Ottoman and signaled the decline of the city-state. The city of Florence, located in the region of Tuscany in central Italy, was one of the wealthiest cities in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. For example, Martin V was elected Pope on November 11th, 1417 and finally arrived in the city of Rome in 1420. The rise of Venices fortune can be traced back to its strategic location at the mouth of a large bay between two seas which allowed for easy access to different parts of Europe. Women in the Renaissance and Reformation | Encyclopedia.com While the printing press was developed in Germany in the late 15th century, Venetians quickly adopted the technology. Jahrhundert, in: Hansische Geschichtsbltter 76 (1958) 4272, Ludo (Ludwig) Moritz Hartmann, Die wirtschaftlichen Anfnge Venedigs, in: Vierteljahrschrift fr Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte 2 (1904) 434442, Gino Luzzatto, Storia economica di Venezia dall'XI al XVI secolo, Venedig 1961, Nachdruck 1995, Storia di Venezia, 8 Voll, Rome 19922002, Benjamin Arbel, Trading Nations: Jews and Venetians in the Early Modern Eastern Mediterranean, Leiden 1995, Jean-Claude Hocquet, Denaro, navi e mercanti a Venezia 12001600, Rom 1999, Ugo Tucci, The psychology of the Venetian merchant in the sixteenth century, in: Renaissance Venice, J. R. Hale (ed. From about 1250 an increasing number of people came from the Holy Roman Empire Germans, Hungarians or Bohemians called "tedeschi. The emergence of the Ottoman Turks prevented their further expansion in the Levant. In particular, Florence became one of the wealthiest cities in Northern Italy. Then, in July and August of that year, people became stricken with a respiratory illness described as a gasping oppression with cough, fever, and a sensation of constriction of the heart and lungs. Aims, responsibility assignment and shares were fixed before the journey being started, but the active partner could also reinvest his gains during the same journey. Another devotee of the curative nature of emetics was Tomasso Bovio (15211609) whose concoction Hercules was reputed to have caused the patient to vomit a catarrh as big as a goose liver. Bellinis workshop trained many great artists. What is special about the city of Venice? This helped to make Florence a center of culture and learning. See answer Advertisement erenaywallace127 They were so wealthy because they were mini industrial powerhouses and got rich through trade as well. He holds his fingers between the pages of a poetry book, which rests atop a table carved with grotesque faces. Don't forget to bring a good map though. Venice's wealth helped to foster the economic conditions that promoted the cultural and artistic flourishing of the Renaissance. Florence was a republic during the 14th-16th century, during which time there was a relatively stable political environment, which allowed for economic growth and prosperity. Italian Renaissance Causes & Time Period - Study.com During the various cataclysms that engulfed northern Italy in the centuries after the fall of Rome, many refugees fled to a lagoon in the Adriatic Sea, sometime in the 5th century AD. His 1761 book De Sedibus et Causis Morborum per Anatomen Indagatis (The Seats and Causes of Diseases Investigated by Anatomy) contained the results of 60 years of scientific work. A History of Venice (New York: A.A. Knopf, 1982), p 13, Ferraro, Joanne M. Venice: History of the Floating City (Cambridge University Press; 2012), p 145, Herne, Judith. The 16th century was the Age of Exploration, and European kingdoms such as Portugal created trans-Oceanic trade routes. Additionally, Florence was home to many powerful banking families, such as the Medici family, who financed trade and commerce in the city and invested in the arts and sciences. Lastly, the political stability and the Republic of Venice during the Renaissance, in which the city was ruled by a powerful merchant oligarchy, allowed for economic growth and prosperity. Stephen Mortlock is the Pathology Manager at the Nuffield Health, Guildford Hospital. Venice was founded in the fifth century by people fleeing Attila the Hun. Additionally, during the Renaissance, Florence, and other Italian cities like Milan, Genoa, and Rome, also had a strong economy and wealth. 'The Capture of Constantinople in 1204' painting by Italian painter Tintoretto from 1580. Due to a number of causes, Florence was one of Italys wealthiest cities during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. Next Read: Why Was the City of Florence So Wealthy? The city is also known for its famous Carnival of Venice, which is held annually and features extravagant costumes, masks, and parades. Venice was essential in this remarkable era as its trade networks helped to create the wealth that laid the foundations for the cultural flourishing. With the destruction of Comacchio (883) that controlled the mouth of the Po River, Venetians liberated the trade till Pavia and Piacenza the more as a treaty with Charles "the Fat" had opened his Realm. Having conquered Constantinople and built a colonial empire, Venice was the predominant power in the eastern Mediterranean with Genoa as enemy. Venetian merchants bought salt and acquired salt production from Egypt, Algeria, the Crimean peninsula, Sardinia, Ibiza, Crete, and Cyprus. In compensation for military aid against the Arabs of southern Italy, the Byzantine emperor Basil II had reduced the tax for the ships by half. Map of Venice from the time of the Renaissance by Dutch artist Erhard Reuwich from the 15th century. The Serene Republic and its fleet of trading ships allowed Italian states to export their wares and products. Additionally, Venice was home to a thriving shipbuilding industry, which helped to support the citys economy and generate wealth. Click the card to flip . After long and difficult negotiations they were re-admitted in Byzantium. Situated on the Adriatic Sea, Venice traded with the Byzantine Empire and the Moslem world extensively. Yes, Venice is definitely worth visiting. Why is the city of Florence considered so important during the This is most evident in the fact that the Inquisition was forbidden from operating in Venetian territories. Poverty and Poor Relief - Renaissance and Reformation - Oxford During the Middle Ages, a period that took place between the fall of ancient Rome in 476 A.D. and the beginning of the 14th century, Europeans made . Venice and Florence were two centers of power and wealth that became the cradle of the Renaissance. In 1545, the Council of Trent established the Roman Inquisition, which made humanism and any views that challenged the Catholic church punishable by death. The citys prosperity allowed it to become a center of culture and learning, and it was home to many notable artists, architects, and scientists of the time. In 1204 the Venetians and the Crusaders attacked and seized the city and partitioned the Byzantium Empire, among themselves. The finest products are of exquisite quality, but most of the present-day glass goods are trinkets for the tourist trade. Aufl. Venice had a salt monopoly for many of these markets. History Chap 7 Renaissance Flashcards | Quizlet Close relationships and dependencies were developed and as a consequence family partnerships were largely preferred. The Renaissance was an intellectual and cultural movement that had a significant influence on the world, and it developed in large part as a result of the wealth created in the city. Wealth came from shipbuilding. Florence in The Renaissance - History Crunch Machiavellian - being tricky and not thinking about being good. Much more difficult was the relation to Istria and even more Dalmatia, where the Narentani, pirates of the Dalmatian coast resisted until 1000, when doge Pietro II Orseolo conquered the northern and central part of the region. Click the card to flip . During this time, Venice's leading . De Vries attributes this decline to the loss of the spice trade, a declining uncompetitive textile industry, competition in book publishing due to a rejuvenated Catholic Church, the adverse impact of the Thirty Years' War on Venice's key trade partners, and the increasing cost of cotton and silk imports to Venice.[18]. Venice was a great commercial center and maritime power. Cambists played an important role just as well as the later state-controlled banks whose predecessors in Venice was the "wheat chamber" or Camera frumenti. The merchants of the 1082 Holy Empire had to reside in the Fondaco dei Tedeschi, where control was intense. There was no broad decadence but a slow recidivism behind the expanding trade powers of the 18th century. A lack of resources combined with an inability to procure them based on social status or health issues created in its victim a state of subservience and . Florence was also home to many wealthy banking families, such as the Medici family, who financed trade and commerce in the city and also supported the arts and sciences. The last will of the doge Giustiniano Participazio from 829 demonstrates, to which amount these families did invest their revenues into buildings, goods and adornments, but the more it is astonishing that they invested even more in credits and trading companies. In his 1676 Observationes Medicae he also described malaria and how anyone dwelling in the locality of marshes and lakes became impressed with a certain miasma which produces a quartan ague. Still the salt monopoly was of utmost importance,[1] even more so the trade of wheat and millet. The combination of these factors made Venice one of the wealthiest cities in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Venice was contracted by the Crusaders to ferry them to the Near East. Venice became dominant in the production of printed books. The Serene Republic as it was known was governed by a Doge who was elected by the citizen body. The bark of the cinchona tree (quinine) was imported from South America because of its effectiveness in treating fevers, especially malaria. In early Modern Times the power of Venice reached its climax, but the tiny super power was unable to confront the enormous powers of the Ottomans and of Spain with their gigantic resources. It was the commercial prototype for 17th century Amsterdam and 18th century London. The Renaissance in Italy was a great cultural and intellectual flourishing that changed Europe, and it is widely seen as heralding the end of the Middle Ages and ushering in the Modern World.
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